Core objectives:
Support fetal development and prevent pregnancy complications.
Key points by stages:
1） First trimester of pregnancy (0-12 weeks)
Select foods that can stimulate the appetite according to the pregnant woman's preferences.
Choose easily digestible, less greasy, and mildly flavored foods, such as porridge, bread, fruits, etc.
There is no need to overly emphasize a balanced diet, and there is no need to force feeding.
Folic acid at a dosage of 400μg per day (green leafy vegetables + supplements).
For those with severe early pregnancy reactions, alkaline foods, water, B vitamins, and vitamin C can be supplemented to relieve morning sickness.
2）Second and third trimesters of pregnancy (13-40 weeks)
Increase protein intake (increase fish, eggs, lean meat, etc. by 50-100g per day; about 300mL of milk per day).
Increase iron intake (increase red meat by 20-50g per day + vitamin C to promote absorption, or consume about 25g of animal liver once a week).
DHA at a dosage of 200mg per day (salmon, flaxseed oil).
Risk prevention and control:
Gestational diabetes mellitus: Choose staple foods with a low GI, such as oats and brown rice. The order of meals should be: vegetables → protein → staple foods.
Gestational hypertension: Limit salt intake to less than 5g per day, and increase the intake of calcium and magnesium (pumpkin seeds, dark green vegetables).
Prohibited diets:
Alcohol, raw foods, and fish with high mercury content (such as swordfish, etc.) are prohibited.
Limit the intake of coffee, strong tea, spicy and stimulating foods, etc.
